Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the accumulation of plaques of the amyloid-β protein, chronic inflammation and impaired neuronal function in the brain. The most significant genetic risk factor for the disease is apoE4, a variant of apolipoprotein E, which is known for, among other things, advancing the onset of the disease. While more than half of all individuals with Alzheimer’s disease carry this variant, the exact effect of apoE4 on the development of the disease has remained unknown.