A new study has investigated how measures of thinking, memory, and Alzheimer’s disease risk group together in Veterans aged 65 and older without dementia. Results of the study showed multiple patterns of cognitive strengths and weaknesses and Alzheimer’s disease risk and may imply that older Veterans with certain cognitive difficulties could mistakenly receive a diagnosis of possible Alzheimer’s disease, when other factors such as PTSD may really be the root cause of the cognitive difficulties.