Alzheimer’s disease is the most prominent cause of dementia affecting millions of people worldwide. As the changes in the brain function starts 10–20 years before the clinical onset of Alzheimer’s disease, there is a strong interest in the identification of early markers that can be predictive of future mental health/cognitive decline. This is something that we researchers at the Karolinska Institute are on the lookout for. Our latest study is now published in Nature Reviews Neurology.